Mineralogical,petrographic and fluid inclusion evidence for the link between boiling and epithermal Ag-Au mineralization in the La Luz area,Guanajuato Mining District,México     

《Ore Geology Reviews》2017

Theoretical, experimental and observation data provide strong evidence that boiling is the dominant depositional mechanism in many low to intermediate sulfidation epithermal precious metals deposits. Textural and petrographic features that are evidence for boiling in the epithermal environment include the presence of coexisting liquid-rich and vapor-rich fluid inclusions, assemblages consisting of only vapor-rich fluid inclusions, colloform quartz, adularia and bladed calcite. We have examined 213 samples collected from surface outcrops, underground workings and drill cores from the central part of the La Luz vein system in the Guanajuato mining district, Mexico. In each sample, the various features that are evidence of boiling have been recorded. These observations have been quantified using a Boiling Confidence Factor that provides a means of scoring and rating each sample or area relative to the likelihood that boiling occurred.Homogenization temperatures of liquid-rich fluid inclusions within assemblages of coexisting liquid-rich and vapor-rich fluid inclusions have been measured to estimate the depth of trapping of the inclusions, and these data have been used to estimate the depth to the 300 °C isotherm along the La Luz vein system.Fluid inclusions and mineral textural features show strong evidence of boiling in the deepest levels sampled in the La Luz system. This observation suggests that the bottom of the boiling zone is at some depth beneath the deepest levels explored and opens the potential for additional resources at depth.  相似文献   

山东气候年际变化特征及其与ENSO的关系     

郭飞燕  毕玮  郭飞龙  王建林 《海洋与湖沼》2017,48(3):465-474

利用1951年以来65年的热带太平洋海表面温度数据和中国气温以及降水的站点观测资料,通过标准化处理和合成分析的方法,分析了山东气温和降水的季节气候特征及其年际变化,揭示了ENSO冷暖位相发展年及衰减年与山东气温和降水年际气候异常的关系。结果表明:在气温方面,山东地区春夏和秋冬季节温度分别呈经向和纬向分布,降水一年四季都表现为南多北少的特征;冬季鲁西北的气温年际变化在1°C以上,最为显著,而秋季气温的年际变化最不明显。对于降水的年际变化,夏季鲁西北、鲁南东部和胶州湾西部地区的年际变化最大,季节累计降水量异常最大达120mm以上,冬季降水年际变化最弱。ENSO对山东地区不同季节气温和降水异常强度的影响并非严格反对称,且存在显著的空间分布不均匀性;拉尼娜对山东气温年际变化的影响要比厄尔尼诺强、且影响范围广,厄尔尼诺对山东降水年际变化的影响更明显;厄尔尼诺和拉尼娜发展年和衰减年夏季对山东南部沿海地区(以青岛为例)气温正负变化的影响是反对称的,但是对内陆地区(以济南为例)而言,在厄尔尼诺/拉尼娜发展年冬季以及衰减年夏季两者对济南气温的影响是一致的;ENSO发展年夏季和秋季,厄尔尼诺/拉尼娜对南部沿海地区和内陆降水的影响不对称,但是对衰减年夏季降水的影响是反对称的。  相似文献   

2008年1月乌拉尔阻塞高压异常活动的分析研究   总被引：8，自引：3，他引：5  

李崇银  顾薇 《大气科学》2010,34(5):865-874

不少研究已经表明, 乌拉尔阻塞高压的持续活动对2008年1月中国南方雨雪冰冻灾害的发生有重要作用。本文针对2008年1月乌拉尔阻塞高压的异常, 利用NCEP再分析逐日环流资料、 哈德莱中心的海温资料等, 从对流层北极涛动(AO)、 平流层极涡(PV) 以及海温异常等几方面, 对2008年1月乌拉尔阻塞高压异常产生的原因进行了分析研究。结果显示, 虽然从以往多年情况来看, 前期AO及平流层极涡的异常很可能会导致其后乌拉尔阻塞高压发生异常, 然而就2008年1月的情况而言, 2007～2008年冬季对流层AO和平流层极涡的异常都不能成为异常乌拉尔阻塞高压产生和偏强的原因, 因为它们的关系与多年存在的长期关系相反。进一步的分析研究则显示, 2007年12月和2008年1月赤道太平洋的La Niña事件也对乌拉尔阻塞高压的活动没有明显影响; 而北大西洋海温正异常, 尤其是北大西洋副热带海温正异常的存在, 是2008年1月乌拉尔阻塞高压持续的重要外强迫因素。  相似文献   

Impacts of climate variability on stream-flow in the Yellow River     

Guobin Fu  Stephen P. Charles  Neil R. Viney  Shulin Chen  Joan Q. Wu 《水文研究》2007,21(25):3431-3439

This paper examines the impacts of climate variability upon the regional hydrological regimes of the Yellow River in China. Results indicate that the average annual precipitation is 494·8 mm in La Niña years and only 408·8 mm in El Niño years. The difference is 86·0 mm, or 18·8% over the long-term average. The stream-flows in the La Niña years are higher than that in El Niño years: 9·2% at the Lan-Zhou station, 9·5% for Tou-Dao-Guai station, 11·8% for Long-Men, 17·6% for San-Men-Xia, 19·2% at the Hua-Yuan-Hou station, and 22·0% at the Li-Jin station. Both precipitation and stream-flow responses show temporal and spatial patterns. The relationship among the stream-flow, precipitation, and temperature, which was obtained by ArcGIS Geostatistical Analyst based on observed data, indicates stream-flow is sensitive to both precipitation and temperature. For small precipitation increases (less than 13%), the stream-flow percentage change is less than the precipitation change for the Yellow River. The results of this paper can be used as a reference for watershed water resources planning and management to maintain the healthy life and proper function of the river. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Appendicularian assemblages and their space–time variability off the La Plata River,SW Atlantic Ocean     

Mariela L. Spinelli  Patricia Martos  Graciela B. Esnal  Fabiana L. Capitanio 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2009

Among tunicates, the small planktonic appendicularians generally comprise a significant fraction of the mesozooplankton of estuarine environments. However, no spatio-temporal studies nor estimation of some ecological parameters such as biomass or pellet production of these organisms have been previously reported in La Plata River estuary. We studied the species composition and abundance as well as biomass and pellet production, associated with the river plume variations using data collected during seven spring (October) cruises. Approximately 80 samples were collected in each cruise with a Pairovet net (200 μm mesh size) trawled vertically through the water column; CTD data profiles were also recorded. Three transects at the north, middle and south of the estuary were performed in order to compare the environmental gradients to the species distribution. The river's discharges varied between years and it was reflected on the salinity distribution. The salinity was the main factor driving species composition. Oikopleura dioica, Oikopleura fusiformis and Fritillaria borealis were found, O. dioica being the dominant one. We detected that O. fusiformis was more abundant in stratified waters between salinities of 31 and 33 mainly during 1994, 1995 and 1996. Fritillaria borealis was found only in salinities higher than 33 and in homogenous waters being more abundant in 1995. This year was singular in the sense that no river plume was observed at the middle transect, as it is shown by the homogenous salinity profiles. Oikopleura dioica was present in stratified waters at all salinity ranges. In 1993, it was more abundant at low salinities with temperatures between 12 and 16 °C and a predominance of juvenile animals was observed. The contribution in biomass and pellet production of O. dioica in the stratified waters of this front was very high (27.91–66.58 g C m⁻² d⁻¹) revealing their importance in the estuary's carbon cycle.  相似文献   

ICP-OES测定地球化学样品中La,Y,Ba   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

赵庆令  武殿喜  唐洪敏  徐兴臣  马强 《山东国土资源》2008,24(2)

水系沉积物、土壤等试样用HF-HC1-HN03-HC1O4混酸消解后,以8%(V/V)HN03溶解干渣,建立了测定地球化学样品中La,Y,Ba 3种微量元素的电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-OES)方法.方法测定限(μg/L,10SD)为:La 6.0,Y 1.0,Ba 1.0.精密度(RSD%,n=11)为:0.20～1.50,经国家一级地球化学标准物质的分析验证,结果与标准值吻合,该方法现已用于区域化探试样的分析.  相似文献   

南印度洋偶极子的变化特征及其与ENSO事件的联系          下载免费PDF全文

王黎娟  陈爽  张海燕 《大气科学学报》2018,41(3):344-354

利用Hadley Center逐月海温资料以及NCEP/NCAR逐月风场、海平面气压场等资料探讨了南印度洋偶极子(Southern Indian Ocean Dipole,SIOD)的变化特征及其与ENSO事件的联系。结果表明:1)发生在南半球副热带印度洋地区的海温异常西南—东北反相的南印度洋偶极子现象,具有明显的季节锁相特征:10—12月发生发展,次年1—3月发展成熟达到盛期,4—6月减弱消亡;SIOD的形成主要受大尺度大气环流的影响,马斯克林高压以及澳大利亚低(高)压位置和强度的变化引起的副热带印度洋海表面风场的异常,影响了海温的变化,进而形成SIOD。2)南半球副热带印度洋地区的海温变化与赤道中东太平洋地区海温异常密切联系,前冬ENSO事件与SIOD有显著的负相关关系,大多数正SIOD发生在La Ni?a事件之后,大多数负SIOD发生在El Ni?o事件之后;也存在部分SIOD事件的发生既不伴随La Ni?a现象,也不伴随El Ni?o现象。3)ENSO事件产生的异常垂直运动和赤道异常纬向风对南半球副热带印度洋地区的海平面气压以及海表面风场的强度和位置的变化有重要作用,可以分别影响SIOD东西极子的演变,进而对SIOD产生影响。4)SIOD事件也可单独发生,一般负事件比正事件早一个月发生,同时由于没有ENSO事件的作用,海温异常反相的现象不能持续,单独发生的SIOD事件生命期较短。  相似文献   

Do perceptions of the Red‐tailed Hawk indicate a human‐wildlife conflict on the island of La Gonave,Haiti?          下载免费PDF全文

Justin White  Lisa M. Kennedy  Maria Elisa Christie 《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2017,38(2):258-268

The Caribbean subspecies of the Red‐tailed Hawk (Buteo jamaicensis solitudinus or B.j. jamaicensis) is the largest native carnivore on the island of La Gonave, Haiti, and the island's apex predator. On other Caribbean islands, raptors have been persecuted by local people typically because of their depredation of livestock. In addition to possible persecution from humans, Red‐tailed Hawks on La Gonave face challenges from island‐wide timber overharvest and rapid land‐cover changes. To better understand the human‐apex predator relationship on La Gonave, we surveyed islanders about their perceptions of, and interactions with, the Red‐tailed Hawk. According to 121 respondents from 10 villages, La Gonavans do not hunt, kill, or consume Red‐tailed Hawks. Our study revealed a notable absence of negative perceptions of the hawk by respondents despite intense hawk depredation of domestic chickens. While the chicken depredation may lead outside observers to consider the human‐hawk relationship on La Gonave as representative of a human‐wildlife conflict, our interview data do not support that conception. Our findings reflect an important conversation in related contemporary scientific literature about what constitutes human‐wildlife conflicts across various cultures. Despite tolerance by residents, Red‐tailed Hawks on La Gonave remain threatened by habitat degradation.  相似文献   

Influence of El Nino/La Nina on the western winter spring cohort of neon flying squid (Ommastrephes bartramii) in the northwestern Pacific Ocean     

Chen  Xin Jun; Zhao  Xiao Hu; Chen  Yong 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2007,64(6):1152-1160

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Comparison of volcanic rifts on La Palma and El Hierro, Canary Islands and the Island of Hawaii     

J. Acosta  E. Uchupi  D. Smith  A. Muñoz  P. Herranz  C. Palomo  P. Llanes  M. Ballesteros 《Marine Geophysical Researches》2003,24(1-2):59-90

The meso-scale (km) morphology of the well-studied volcanic rift zones on the Island of Hawaii is compared to the morphology of the lesser known rift zones of La Palma and El Hierro, Canary Islands. We find that there are both differences and similarities in their morphologic characteristics. In general, the rift zones on La Palma and El Hierro are shorter (a few tens of km in length) than those on Hawaii (ranging up to >100 km in length), perhaps reflecting both magma supply and composition. Many of the rift zones on Hawaii have well defined axial zones, both on-and offshore. In contrast, the rift zones on La Palma and El Hierro display various geometries ranging from linear ridges having smooth to irregular crests to structures with a broad fan-like morphology in plan view. The pronounced fanning may be a reflection of: 1) the stress field within the rift being insufficient to trap dikes within a narrow region, 2) dike injection and volcanism shifting laterally through time, 3) volcanoes building nearly one atop of another in the Canary Islands, superimposing the stress field of one structure on the other and thus yielding a more complex distribution of gravitational stresses, and 4) low rate of magma supply producing low magma pressures and thus randomly oriented dike injections. Irregularities and curvature along the axes of the rifts on La Palma and El Hierro may be a reflection of differences in the rate of magma production. Unlike the volcanoes on the Island of Hawaii there may be insufficient volumes of lavas erupted on La Palma and El Hierro to smooth out irregularities. The superposition of rifts from different volcanoes may also add to topographic irregularities in the Canary Islands, especially if eruption rates are low.  相似文献